Joachim Beuckelaer
(1535 - 1575)
Joachim Beuckelaer was a Flemish painter specialising in market and kitchen scenes with elaborate displays of food and household equipment. His development of the genre of market and kitchen scenes was influential on the development of still life art in Northern Europe as well as Italy and Spain.He also painted still lifes with no figures in the central scene. He further added the staffage (i.e. the figures) or the garments in works of other local painters, such as Anthonis Mor.
Beuckelaer's market scenes, like those of Aertsen, often incorporate biblical episodes in the background.
His Four Elements series National Gallery, London are a good example. The painting depicting the element Water, for example, shows a fish market selling 12 kinds of fish, representing the twelve disciples of Jesus. Through an archway in the background the miraculous draught of fishes is depicted, with Christ appearing to his apostles and telling them to cast their nets on the other side of the boat.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_Beuckelaer
The Four Elements: Air
1570
Oil on canvas
158 × 216 cm
The National Gallery, London
https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/joachim-beuckelaer-the-four-elements-air
At first sight this looks like a busy sixteenth-century street scene. A man sells poultry and other produce, piled up in baskets and barrels, in the corner of a market square. He lifts up two hens by their legs, feathers from their flapping wings drifting down and settling on the coop below. On the left, a smartly dressed young woman with a basket on her arm grasps a handsome cockerel by its feet. She turns and looks confidently out at us, as if we are standing next to her at this stall.
There’s more going on here than the daily shop. This is one of four large paintings in which the four elements – earth, air, fire and water – are represented by food, with biblical scenes in the background. In another corner of the market we can see the prodigal son, in red trousers – he is wasting ‘his substance with riotous living’ (Luke 15: 13).
https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/joachim-beuckelaer-the-four-elements-air